Review of Cultural Terminology: Addressing Inconsistencies in Cross-Cultural Research

Authors: Monica RamirezMolina, Joelle Sacks, Quinn Hendershot, Matthew Johnson

Field of Study: Social Sciences

Program Affiliation: CSTEP (Collegiate Science and Technology Entry Program), McNair Scholars Program

Faculty Mentors: Quinn E. Hendershot

Easel: 60

Timeslot: Morning

Abstract: The study of cultural adaptation continues to grow in social sciences, yet inconsistencies in defining key terms like acculturation, assimilation, and biculturalism hinder theoretical clarity and cross-cultural comparisons. We examine the variability in how constructs are interpreted and operationalized, arguing that such discrepancies lead to theoretical drift and limit the generalizability of research findings. Using Berry’s Acculturation Model (1997) as a foundation, we highlight common misinterpretations, such as the redefinition of assimilation as a bidirectional process and the conflation of integration with biculturalism. A uniform understanding of culturally relevant terminology is necessary for researching the challenges and protective factors in multicultural navigation. To enhance clarity and comparability, we propose standardized definitions and theoretical alignment, providing recommendations to strengthen empirical research in this field. By highlighting key components of terms and constructs, we aim to foster research that builds off of established theory to capture the complexities of cultural psychology.