Improving Maternal Health and Mortality Outcomes Through Equitable Access to Healthcare

Authors: Aish Barua, Kimberly Harry

SUNY Campus: Binghamton University

Presentation Type: Poster

Location: Old Union Hall

Presentation #: 45

Timeslot: Session A 9:00-10:00 AM

Abstract: Maternal mortality and morbidity rates in the United States are alarmingly high compared to other developed countries, revealing a critical public health crisis and a fragmented healthcare system. Understanding the root causes of this crisis is essential for achieving maternal health equity and developing an integrated healthcare system. This paper examines the current state of maternal healthcare in the US through three key research questions: What barriers exist in accessing maternal healthcare?, What outcomes appear in terms of mortality rates?, and What interventions exist to provide equitable access?The findings of this systematic literature review reveal barriers to equitable healthcare access and the resulting disparities in maternal health outcomes, focusing on socioeconomic, racial, and geographic factors. Major barriers include financial hardships due low income, job loss and insurance issues. Racial disparities show Black women’s maternal mortality rates are four times higher than white women, as well as higher rates of severe maternal morbidities. Systemic discrimination and cultural gaps for women of color further intensify these inequities. Geographic barriers limit access to health facilities in regions such as rural mainland US and Alaska. As a result, significant outcome disparities including maternal death, preterm delivery, birth complications, and severe maternal morbidity exist. To address these disparities, the paper explores interventions such as Medicaid expansion, safety net providers, community-based services, telehealth, and certain culturally sensitive programs.