Enhancing the Recyclability of PLA Blends: The Effect of Nanocellulose and Organoclays on PLA/PCL and PLA/PS Compatibility

Authors: Katherine Z MartinezDiaz, Miriam Rafailovich, Yiwei Fang

SUNY Campus: Suffolk County Community College

Presentation Type: Poster

Location: Old Union Hall

Presentation #: 31

Timeslot: Session D 3:00-4:00 PM

Abstract: The difficulty of recycling plastic largely stems from the poor compatibility between different types of plastics, which limits the amount that can be effectively recycled. To enhance the strength and bonding of polylactic acid (PLA)/polystyrene (PS) and polylactic acid (PLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) blends and improve their recyclability, this study explores the potential benefits of using organoclays (C-20A, C-30B) and nanocellulose fibers (sCNF, sCMF). The polymer blends were compounded at 180°C and 100 rpm, then tested to evaluate their mechanical properties, including strength, flexibility, and blend quality. The results showed that PLA/PCL reinforced with 5% sCNF exhibited a 65% increase in tensile strength and improved bonding, making it a more durable and compatible blend. In contrast, PLA/PS remained brittle and showed only minor improvements with C-20A, indicating limited miscibility. Microscopic imaging further confirmed that nanocellulose enhanced the dispersion of PCL within PLA, improving phase adhesion and overall material properties. Additionally, the improved mixing and structural integrity of PLA/PCL with nanocellulose reinforcement suggests its potential as a more sustainable and recyclable polymer blend. These findings highlight the effectiveness of nanocellulose in improving polymer compatibility, which is essential for enhancing plastic recyclability. By reinforcing PLA/PCL with nanocellulose, this study presents a viable approach for reducing plastic waste and increasing the efficiency of polymer recycling.