Evolutionary Divergence in REM Sleep and Brain Complexity in Predator vs Prey Relationship (Owls vs Mice)

Authors: Pyone Naing, Patricia Bernard

SUNY Campus: Erie Community College

Presentation Type: Poster

Location: Old Union Hall

Presentation #: 33

Timeslot: Session D 3:00-4:00 PM

Abstract: How do ecological roles as predator or prey shape the complexity and function of REM (Rapid Eye movement) sleep? This study presents a theoretical framework, based on a comparative analysis of existing neurophysiological data, to explain the evolutionary divergence in REM sleep architecture and brain complexity between predator and prey. In this study, nocturnal predators such as owls (Strigiformes) and prey such as mice (Mus musculus) will be focused on as they form a common predator-prey relationship. From the previously published studies of EEG and fMRI, the differences in REM sleep patterns, brain region activation and neural connectivity are examined. With the analysis from previous research, it was found that owls exhibit longer and more consolidated REM sleep with heightened activation in higher order cortical areas ( such as Broca’s area), supporting memory consolidation and complex behavioral planning, In contrast, prey species, such as mice, display shorter and fragmented REM episodes, mainly centered in subcortical and limbic regions with alert behavior and threat detection. REM sleep complexity has evolved in alignment with species ecological pressures, with predator’s strategic perception and prey’s survival-oriented processing. The study analyzes existing data to advance our understanding in evolutionary biology, animal behavior and neuroscience.