Relationship Between the Five Factor Model and Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Authors: Gabriela Solis, Alexandra Vizgaitis, Miranda Aldrich, Nicolette DeCicco, Sebastian Patino, Chloe Fire

SUNY Campus: SUNY Cortland

Presentation Type: Poster

Location: UU 111

Presentation #: 67

Abstract: There is extensive research connecting the Five Factor Model (FFM) and personality pathology (e.g., Widiger et al., 2002; Samuel & Widiger, 2008). The five higher-order trait domains: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, have been used to describe both normal and abnormal personality functioning. The present study used multiple linear regression analyses to assess whether the FFM trait domains predicted variance in schizotypal personality disorder (PD) traits in a sample of N = 305 university students. We measured the FFM trait domains using the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI; Costa & McCrae, 1992). We measured schizotypal PD traits using two different models, the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) and the traditional DSM-5-TR model. The PID-5-short form (PID-5-SF; Maples et al., 2015) was used to measure AMPD-defined schizotypal PD while the International Personality Disorder Examination Screen (IPDE-S; Loranger et al., 1999) was used to measure DSM-defined schizotypal PD. Results showed FFM trait domains predicted substantial variance in both models of schizotypal PD. Agreeableness, extraversion, and conscientiousness showed significant negative associations with AMPD schizotypal PD. Similar results were found for DSM schizotypal PD with the addition of openness as a significant positive predictor. The study’s findings add to the existing literature connecting the FFM and personality pathology and support the potential application of normal personality traits to understand personality pathology.