Regulating the Seabed: International Law and the Future of Deep Sea Mining

Author: Hayden Gofman

Field of Study: History; Economics

Program Affiliation: Source Project Research Program

Faculty Mentors: Matthew Cole

Easel: 34

Timeslot: Afternoon

Abstract: Deep Sea Mining (DSM) is the process of extracting nodules from international waters that contain rare earth minerals and metals. These materials, used for green energy, cannot meet the demand with land based extraction alone. Despite the benefits that DSM may have, there are many risks to the ecosystem and the planet. This project will analyze the conflicting sides of DSM by comparing research that discusses the necessity of materials gained with research that focuses on the environmental, cultural, and economic impacts that may offset those benefits. This paper will also analyze international law and globalization, using economic data and research into existing institutions to propose potential solutions. The tensions between resources and sustainability and the problems with enforcing international law will be examined. Preliminary analysis suggests that DSM is a risky practice and should be delayed until more research is completed and proper regulations are placed through international cooperation.