Continuous Pigment Variation in Species Complex of Seed-dispersing Ants as an Indicator of Climate Adaptation

Authors: Krystal Maharaj, Krystal Maharaj, Chris DeAngelis, Rosebelle Ines, Kirsten Prior

Field of Study: Biological Sciences; Philosophy

Faculty Mentors: Chris DeAngelis, Kirsten Prior

Easel: 14

Timeslot: Afternoon

Abstract: Differences in insect cuticular pigmentation are frequently recognized as indicators of adaptation to local climatic conditions. This project explores pigmentation differences between Aphaenogaster rudis and A. picea which are members of a species complex, and widespread seed-dispersing ants in eastern North American deciduous forests. Typically, A. picea is characterized by darker pigmentation and a preference for colder climates, whereas A. rudis displays lighter pigmentation and greater tolerance for warmer conditions. Despite such differences, color has not been quantified across populations spanning the continuum between named species in the species complex. This study quantifies variation in coloration via image-based analysis to investigate its relationship to thermal tolerance traits. It is hypothesized that darker populations will exhibit lower thermal tolerance, lighter individuals demonstrate higher thermal tolerance and intermediate-colored ants exhibit intermediate tolerance. This research evaluates pigmentation as a functional trait linked to climate adaptation and explores implications for seed-dispersal amidst climate change.